These proceedings contain papers from the Tolkien Society Hybrid Seminar 2023. It is the first ever event and edited collection to focus purely on Númenor, the Númenóreans, and their legacies within and outside of Arda as a nexus of critical study. Through comparative, literary and philosophical, ecocritical, historical and religious readings, the volume examines the ways that Númenor and its people shaped and were shaped by Tolkien's writing and the world of Arda. By seeking to develop conversation centred on Númenor, the volume looks forward and hopes to foster and inspire future scholarship on the island, its citizens, and their legacies.