Problem solving plays a fundamental role in the development of mathematical skills, as it allows students to apply concepts, procedures and strategies in real or simulated contexts. Through this approach, critical thinking, logical reasoning and creativity are stimulated, facilitating a deeper and more meaningful understanding of mathematics. Problem solving involves not only finding an answer, but also understanding the approach, analyzing the available information, formulating hypotheses, choosing appropriate strategies and evaluating the results. This process favors student autonomy and strengthens their ability to transfer what they have learned to new situations. It also fosters positive attitudes towards the discipline by demonstrating that mathematics is useful and applicable to everyday life. From a pedagogical perspective, incorporating problem solving in the classroom promotes active and constructive learning, in which mistakes become an opportunity to learn.