The monograph presents the model of the post-graduate professional activity of teachers, which takes into account the interconnection of competence-based, personality-oriented and activity-based approaches and substantiates the identification of basic competences required to implement both pedagogical and educational activities. Based on the model for the development of basic competencies the system of teacher training has been developed and the results of its testing are presented. The teacher training course was carried out by using the technology of "Development of Critical Thinking through Reading and Writing" (RWCT). The material of the monograph is designed primarily for teachers in the field of further professional education, but can also be successfully used by other categories of researchers interested in the implementation of the competency-based approach in education.