In Émile Zola's historical novel, Germinal, the author vividly depicts the harsh conditions and struggle of the French coal miners in the late 19th century. Zola's writing style is characterized by its naturalism, where he portrays the working class with brutal honesty and realism. The novel delves into themes of poverty, class struggle, and the exploitation of labor, providing a stark portrayal of the deplorable living and working conditions faced by the miners. Set against the backdrop of the industrial revolution, Germinal serves as a powerful social commentary on the impact of capitalism and industrialization on society.