A world-class thinker counts the 100 waysin which humans behave irrationally, showing us what we can do to recognize and minimize these thinking errors to make better decisions and have a better life Despite the best of intentions, humans are notoriously badthat is, irrationalwhen it comes to making decisions and assessing risks and tradeoffs. Psychologists and neuroscientists refer to these distinctly human foibles, biases, and thinking traps as cognitive errors. Cognitive errors are systematic deviances from rationality, from optimized, logical, rational thinking and behavior. We make these errors all the time, in all sorts of situations, for problems big and small: whether to choose the apple or the cupcake; whether to keep retirement funds in the stock market when the Dow tanks, or whether to take the advice of a friend over a stranger. The behavioral turn in neuroscience and economics in the past twenty years has increased our understanding of how we think and how we make decisions. It shows how systematic errors mar our thinking and under which conditions our thought processes work best and worst. Evolutionary psychology delivers convincing theories about why our thinking is, in fact, marred. The neurosciences can pinpoint with increasing precision what exactly happens when we think clearly and when we dont.Drawing on this wide body of research, The Art of Thinking Clearly is an entertaining presentation of these known systematic thinking errors--offering guidance and insight into everything why you shouldnt accept a free drink to why you SHOULD walk out of a movie you dont like it to why its so hard to predict the future to why shouldnt watch the news. The book is organized into 100 short chapters, each covering a single cognitive error, bias, or heuristic. Examples of these concepts include: Reciprocity, Confirmation Bias, The It-Gets-Better-Before-It-Gets-Worse Trap, and the Man-With-A-Hammer Tendency. In engaging prose and with real-world examples and anecdotes, The Art of Thinking Clearly helps solve the puzzle of human reasoning.
"A serious examination of the faulty reasoning that leads to repeated mistakes by individuals, businesses, and nations...In this fascinating book, Dobelli does not offer a recipe for happiness but a well-considered treatise on avoiding 'self-induced unhappiness.'" ? Booklist (starred review)
The Art of Thinking Clearly by world-class thinker and entrepreneur Rolf Dobelli is an eye-opening look at human psychology and faulty reasoning ? an essential book for anyone who wants to improve their decision-making, avoid "cognitive errors," and make better choices in all aspects of their lives.
Have you ever: Invested time in something that, with hindsight, just wasn't worth it? Or continued doing something you knew was bad for you? These are examples of cognitive biases, simple errors we all make in our day-to-day thinking. But by understanding these mental models and how to spot them, we can avoid them and make better decisions.
Simple, clear, and always surprising, this indispensable book will change the way you think and transform your decision-making?work, at home, every day. It reveals, in 99 short chapters, the most common errors of judgment, and how to avoid them.
Learn to spot the mental traps that derail your thinking every day:
- Survivorship Bias: Why we systematically overestimate our chances of success and how visiting the "graveyards" of failed projects can clear our minds.
- Sunk Cost Fallacy: The mental trap that makes us continue with a project or relationship, even when it's a lost cause, just because we've invested so much.
- Confirmation Bias: Uncover the mother of all misconceptions and learn why we actively filter new information to fit our existing beliefs.
- The Anchoring Effect: Discover how irrelevant numbers, from a wheel of fortune to your Social Security digits, can dramatically influence your decisions.
- Critical Thinking Tools: Go beyond simply knowing what these biases are and learn practical ways to avoid them and transform your choices at work and at home.
