First Published in 1966. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First Published in 1966. Japan is now one of the leading industrial nations of the world, yet its economy and its industry are still described as 'dualistic'. Huge combines co-exist with thousands of small businesses, and there are wide gaps in productivity and wages, gaps which are not present to anything like the same extent in the most advanced economies of the West. This essay explores some of the contrasts in Japanese industrial structure.